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Acids and Alkalis

Neutralisation.

An acid plus an alkali makes a salt plus water.

Hydrochloric acid makes chlorides.
Sulfuric acid makes sulfates. Nitric acid makes nitrates.

This is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of
hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide.

hydrochloric acid  +  sodium hydroxide    sodium chloride  +  water.
        HCl_(aq)          +           NaOH_(aq)                NaCl_(aq)      +  H₂O_(l)

This is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of
sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide.

sulfuric acid  +  potassium hydroxide    potassium sulfate  +  water.
    H₂SO_4(aq)    +              2KOH_(aq)               K₂SO_4(aq)        +  2H₂O_(l)

When ammonia is used as the alkali,
ammonium hydroxide is formed in solution.

This is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of
sulfuric acid and ammonium hydroxide.

sulfuric acid  +  ammonium hydroxide      ammonium sulfate  +  water.
     H₂SO_4(aq)    +       2NH₄OH_(aq)             (NH₄)₂SO_4(aq)    +  2H₂O_(l)

All of the salts made above are soluble.
Pure samples of the salt can be made by using a titration.

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