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Acids and Alkalis

Neutralisation.

An acid plus an alkali gives a salt plus water.

hydrochloric acid   +  sodium hydroxide sodium chloride  +  water.
HCl_(aq)         +            NaOH_(aq)               NaCl_(aq)      +   H₂O_(l)

sulfuric acid   +  potassium hydroxide potassium sulfate  +  water.
H₂SO_4(aq)         +            2KOH_(aq)               K₂SO_4(aq)      +   2H₂O_(l)

Chlorides and sulfates can be made in this way,
from the appropriate acid and alkali.

sulfuric acid    +    ammonia        ammonium sulfate.
H₂SO_4(aq)    +     2NH_3(aq)                 (NH₄)₂SO_4(aq)

When ammonia is used as the alkali,
the salt is formed but without the additional water molecule.
Ammonium salts are used as fertilisers.

The above salts are all soluble.
Pure samples of the salt can be made using a titration.

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