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Waves

Light - Total Internal Reflection - Prisms.

A right angle prism can be used to change the direction of light
by 180 degrees, as shown below.

Prism turning Light through 180° - Total Internal Reflection

The same effect can result from two prisms arranged as shown below.

Prism turning Light through 180° - Total Internal Reflection

Either of these arrangements may be used in binoculars
or reflectors on the rear of cars and bicycles.

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