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Butanoic Acid - Reaction with Alcohols.

Butanoic acid will react with alcohols in the presence of
concentrated sulfuric acid, to form esters.
Concentrated sulfuric acid is a catalyst for this reaction.

methanol      +     butanoic acid         methyl butanoate   +   water.
CH₃OH_(aq)    +     C₃H₇CO₂H_(aq)          C₃H₇CO₂CH_3(aq)   +   H₂O_(l)

Structure of methyl butanoate.

ethanol      +     butanoic acid         ethyl butanoate   +   water.
C₂H₅OH_(aq)    +     C₃H₇CO₂H_(aq)      C₃H₇CO₂C₂H_5(aq)   +   H₂O_(l)

Structure of ethyl butanoate.

propanol      +     butanoic acid         propyl butanoate   +   water.
C₃H₇OH_(aq)    +     C₃H₇CO₂H_(aq)          C₃H₇CO₂C₃H_7(aq)   +   H₂O_(l)

Structure of propyl butanoate.

butanol       +     butanoic acid          butyl butanoate   +   water.
C₄H₉OH_(aq)    +     C₃H₇CO₂H_(aq)          C₃H₇CO₂C₄H_9(aq)   +   H₂O_(l)

Structure of butyl butanoate.

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